ANSC Feeds Practice Exam

What is typically the consequence of inadequate energy intake in pregnant cows?

1. Decreased milk yield

2. Low birth weight of calves

3. Increased disease susceptibility

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

Inadequate energy intake in pregnant cows leads to a range of negative outcomes, each of which contributes to overall reproductive and health issues. Firstly, decreased energy intake can directly affect the cow's milk production capabilities. If a cow is not receiving enough energy, her body prioritizes the maintenance of its own physiological functions and the support of the fetus over milk production. This can result in lower milk yield, which can be critical especially in dairy operations where milk production is a primary source of income. Furthermore, insufficient energy during pregnancy tends to produce low birth weight calves. The energy that the cow consumes is essential for proper fetal development; when this energy is lacking, it can restrict the growth of the calf. Low birth weight can be associated with several subsequent issues, including decreased viability and potential health problems in the newborn. Additionally, inadequate energy can impair the immune response of the cow. A cow that is not receiving sufficient energy may be more susceptible to diseases and infections. This compromised immune function can lead to higher rates of illness during the periparturient period, impacting both the cow and her offspring. Considering these effects, inadequate energy intake does indeed lead to decreased milk yield, low birth weight calves, and increased disease susceptibility, making the answer that